Staging
TNM (Tumour, Node and Metastasis) staging for:
- Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
- Hilar (Perihilar) cholangiocarcinoma
- Extrahepatic/Distal cholangiocarcinoma
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma |
|
Stage |
Criteria |
T stages of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma |
|
Tis |
The tumour is only within the top layers of cells lining the bile duct |
T1 |
There is one tumour that is contained within the bile duct, but has grown deeper into the wall of the bile duct |
T2a |
There is one tumour and it has grown through the wall of the bile duct into a nearby blood vessel |
T2b |
There is more than one tumour which may or may not have grown into a nearby blood vessel |
T3 |
The tumour has either grown into the covering of the liver (the peritoneum) or has grown into nearby structures outside the liver, such as the bowel |
T4 |
The tumour has spread into the liver by growing along the ducts |
N stages of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma |
|
N0 |
There are no cancer cells in the lymph nodes |
N1 |
There are cancer cells in the lymph nodes |
M stages of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma |
|
M0 |
There is no sign of cancer spread |
M1 |
The cancer has spread to other parts of the body away from the bile duct |
Hilar (perihilar) cholangiocarcinoma |
|
Stage |
Criteria |
T stages of hilar (perihilar) cholangiocarcinoma |
|
Tis |
The tumour is only within the top layers of cells lining the bile duct |
T1 |
The tumour has grown deeper into the wall of the bile duct |
T2a |
The tumour has grown through the wall of the bile duct into the fatty tissue around it |
T2b |
The tumour has grown into the main part of the liver next to the bile duct |
T3 |
The tumour has grown into one of the main blood vessels of the liver (the portal vein or hepatic artery) |
T4 |
The tumour has grown into the right and left hepatic bile ducts. Or it has grown into more than one of the blood vessels. Or it has grown into a hepatic bile duct and more than one blood vessel |
N stages of hilar (perihilar) cholangiocarcinoma |
|
N0 |
There are no cancer cells in the lymph nodes |
N1 |
There are cancer cells in nearby lymph nodes |
N2 |
There are cancer cells in lymph nodes further away, such as the chest |
M stages of hilar (perihilar) cholangiocarcinoma |
|
M0 |
There is no sign of cancer spread |
M1 |
The cancer has spread to other parts of the body away from the bile duct |
Extrahepatic (distal) cholangiocarcinoma |
|
Stage |
Criteria |
T stages of extrahepatic (distal) cholangiocarcinoma |
|
Tis |
The tumour is only within the top layers of cells lining the bile duct |
T1 |
The tumour is entirely inside the bile duct but has grown deeper into the bile duct wall |
T2 |
The tumour has grown through the wall of the bile duct |
T3 |
The tumour has grown into the gallbladder, pancreas, small bowel or other nearby organs |
T4 |
The tumour has grown into the major blood vessel in the abdomen (the aorta) where it joins the main blood vessel of the liver (the hepatic artery) |
N stages of extrahepatic (distal) cholangiocarcinoma |
|
N0 |
There are no cancer cells in the lymph nodes |
N1 |
There are cancer cells in the lymph nodes |
M stages of extrahepatic (distal) cholangiocarcinoma |
|
M0 |
There is no sign of cancer spread |
M1 |
The cancer has spread to other parts of the body away from the bile duct |
